As it travels out toward the surface, the energy is continuously absorbed and re-emitted at lower and lower temperatures so that by the time it reaches the surface, it is primarily visible light. Each second about 700,000,000 tons of hydrogen are converted to about 695,000,000 tons of helium and 5,000,000 tons (=3.86e33 ergs) of energy in the form of gamma rays. The Sun's power (about 386 billion billion mega Watts) is produced by nuclear fusion reactions. At the center of the core the Sun's density is more than 150 times that of water. The temperature is 15.6 million Kelvin and the pressure is 250 billion atmospheres. The differential rotation extends considerably down into the interior of the Sun but the core of the Sun rotates as a solid body.Ĭonditions at the Sun's core (approximately the inner 25% of its radius) are extreme.

Similar effects are seen in the gas planets. This odd behavior is due to the fact that the Sun is not a solid body like the Earth. The outer layers of the Sun exhibit differential rotation: at the equator the surface rotates once every 25.4 days near the poles it's as much as 36 days. This changes slowly over time as the Sun converts hydrogen to helium in its core. The Sun is, at present, about 70% hydrogen and 28% helium by mass everything else ('metals') amounts to less than 2%. The Sun is personified in many mythologies: the Greeks called it Helios and the Romans called it Sol. The median size of stars in our galaxy is probably less than half the mass of the Sun. But there are many more smaller stars than larger ones the Sun is in the top 10% by mass. That's true in the sense that there are many others similar to it. It is often said that the Sun is an 'ordinary' star. It contains more than 99.8% of the total mass of the Solar System (Jupiter contains most of the rest). The Sun is by far the largest object in the solar system. Temperature: 5800 K (surface) 15,600,000 K (core) History of The Sun

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